- Preface and Acknowledgements to the First Edition
- Preface and Acknowledgements to the Second Edition
- How to use this book
- How to use the Online Resources
- About the Editors
- About the Contributors
- 1. Introduction
- Part One Theoretical and Historical Perspectives
- 2. Theories of Democratization
- 3. Democratic and Undemocratic States
- 4. Measuring Democracy and Democratization
- 5. Long Waves and Conjunctures of Democratization
- 6. The Global Wave of Democratization
- Part Two Causes and Dimensions of Democratization
- 7. The International Context
- 8. The Political Economy of Democracy
- 9. Political Culture, Mass Beliefs, and Value Change
- 10. Gender and Democratization
- 11. Social Capital and Civil Society
- 12. Social Movements and Contention in Democratization Processes
- Part Three Actors and Institutions
- 13. Conventional Citizen Participation
- 14. Political Parties
- 15. Institutional Design in New Democracies
- 16. The Media
- 17. Social Media
- 18. A Decade of Democratic Decline and Stagnation
- Part Four Regions of Democratization
- 19. Southern Europe
- 20. Latin America
- 21. Post-Communist Central and Eastern Europe
- 22. Post-Soviet Eurasia
- 23. The Middle East and North Africa
- 24. Sub-Saharan Africa
- 25. East Asia
- Part Five Conclusions and Outlook
- 26. Conclusion: The Future of Democratization
- Glossary
- Bibliography
- Index
(p. 21) 2. Theories of Democratization
- Chapter:
- (p. 21) 2. Theories of Democratization
- Author(s):
Christian Welzel
- DOI:
- 10.1093/hepl/9780198732280.003.0002
This chapter examines the factors that have been proposed as determinants when, where, and why democratization happens. Several of these factors are synthesized into a broader framework that describes human empowerment as an evolutionary force channelling the intentions and strategies of actors towards democratic outcomes. The chapter first provides an overview of the nature and origin of democracy before discussing how democracy and democratization are affected by social divisions and distributional equality as well as modernization, international conflicts, regime alliances, elite pacts, mass mobilization, state repression, colonial legacies, religious traditions, and institutional configurations. The chapter concludes by presenting a typology of democratization processes, which includes responsive democratization, enlightened democratization, opportunistic democratization, and imposed democratization.
Access to the complete content on Politics Trove requires a subscription or purchase. Public users are able to search the site and view the abstracts and keywords for each book and chapter without a subscription.
Please subscribe or login to access full text content.
If you have purchased a print title that contains an access token, please see the token for information about how to register your code.
For questions on access or troubleshooting, please check our FAQs, and if you can't find the answer there, please contact us.
- Preface and Acknowledgements to the First Edition
- Preface and Acknowledgements to the Second Edition
- How to use this book
- How to use the Online Resources
- About the Editors
- About the Contributors
- 1. Introduction
- Part One Theoretical and Historical Perspectives
- 2. Theories of Democratization
- 3. Democratic and Undemocratic States
- 4. Measuring Democracy and Democratization
- 5. Long Waves and Conjunctures of Democratization
- 6. The Global Wave of Democratization
- Part Two Causes and Dimensions of Democratization
- 7. The International Context
- 8. The Political Economy of Democracy
- 9. Political Culture, Mass Beliefs, and Value Change
- 10. Gender and Democratization
- 11. Social Capital and Civil Society
- 12. Social Movements and Contention in Democratization Processes
- Part Three Actors and Institutions
- 13. Conventional Citizen Participation
- 14. Political Parties
- 15. Institutional Design in New Democracies
- 16. The Media
- 17. Social Media
- 18. A Decade of Democratic Decline and Stagnation
- Part Four Regions of Democratization
- 19. Southern Europe
- 20. Latin America
- 21. Post-Communist Central and Eastern Europe
- 22. Post-Soviet Eurasia
- 23. The Middle East and North Africa
- 24. Sub-Saharan Africa
- 25. East Asia
- Part Five Conclusions and Outlook
- 26. Conclusion: The Future of Democratization
- Glossary
- Bibliography
- Index